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Introduction

• Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the nature (benign or malignant) of thyroid nodules. This procedure involves using ultrasound guidance to aspirate cell samples from thyroid nodules with a fine needle for pathological analysis.
• During the procedure, you will be asked to lie down with your neck slightly extended. After ultrasound localization, the doctor will disinfect the area and use a fine needle to extract cell samples. Please remain still and avoid talking, swallowing, or moving during the procedure. Multiple aspirations may be performed as needed, and the entire process usually takes only a few minutes.

Post-Procedure Care

• After the procedure, press the puncture site firmly with your finger for at least 15 minutes to prevent hematoma formation. Patients on anticoagulant medication should press for 30 minutes. If you feel any discomfort, inform the medical staff immediately.
• If there are no abnormalities after pressing for 15-30 minutes, you may go home. You can remove the cotton ball or gauze once you return home.
• For three days after the procedure, avoid manipulating the thyroid area, holding your breath while lifting heavy objects, speaking loudly, shouting, forceful coughing, or singing loudly.
• If you experience severe pain, hoarseness, neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, or breathing difficulties, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
• Follow up with your doctor as instructed. Return for a follow-up appointment within 10-14 days to discuss the cytology report and subsequent treatment plans.

Are There Any Risks Associated with Thyroid FNA Biopsy?

• Mild pain at the puncture site, which is usually minimal.
• Occasionally, subcutaneous bleeding may occur, which is typically minor and resolves on its own.
• Severe neck hematoma is extremely rare, but if any abnormal conditions arise, seek emergency care or return to the clinic promptly.
• A very small number of patients may experience coughing due to needle stimulation of the trachea.