Pulmonary aspiration of gastric content during anesthesia leads to pneumonitis and could be life-threatening. As a result, fasting guidelines was established to reduce the risk of aspiration.
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Food intake
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Least fasting hours
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Clear liquid diet
Clear liquid diet refer to liquid that does not contain particles and alcohol such as water, juice without pulp, and meat soup without meat scraps (Adult patients may not drink more than 24cc in 2 hours before the scheduled surgery time).
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2 hours
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Breast milk
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4 hours
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Infant formula milk
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6 hours
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Dairy product, milk or goat milk.
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6 hours
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Light meals refer to easily digestible food such as rice porridge, steamed bun and toast.
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6 hours
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Solid Food
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8 hours
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Note: The aforementioned suggestions does not guarantee the complete stomach evacuation.
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High-Risk Groups
Due to higher aspiration risk, patients list below should strictly follow the preoperative fasting guidelines. These patients may not eat or drink anything since midnight before surgery.
- Pregnant women
- Insulin-dependent diabetes patients.
- Patients with gastro-esophageal reflux, hiatal hernia, gastric or duodenal ulcer.
- Patients with gastrointestinal obstructive disease.
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