Most thyroid nodules do not cause obvious symptoms and are often discovered incidentally during routine health examinations or neck ultrasound studies. As the nodule gradually enlarges, the following symptoms may occur:

• A palpable lump or protrusion in the front of the neck (below the Adam’s apple)
• A sensation of pressure or swelling in the neck
• A foreign body sensation or difficulty swallowing
• Hoarseness or voice fatigue when speaking
• Shortness of breath or a sensation of airway compression
• Neck asymmetry or visible enlargement

If the nodule is a functioning thyroid nodule that produces excessive thyroid hormone, symptoms of hyperthyroidism may develop, such as palpitations, hand tremor, heat intolerance, weight loss, and excessive sweating.